import pyxel import math import random class Vector3: def __init__(self, x, y, z): self.x = x self.y = y self.z = z def rotate_x(self, a): c = math.cos(a) s = math.sin(a) return Vector3( self.x, self.y * c - self.z * s, self.y * s + self.z * c ) def rotate_y(self, a): c = math.cos(a) s = math.sin(a) return Vector3( self.x * c + self.z * s, self.y, -self.x * s + self.z * c ) def rotate_z(self, a): c = math.cos(a) s = math.sin(a) return Vector3( self.x * c - self.y * s, self.x * s + self.y * c, self.z ) class Cubie: def __init__(self, x, y, z): self.x = x self.y = y self.z = z # COLOR SCHEME: # U = YELLOW # D = WHITE # F = GREEN # B = BLUE # R = ORANGE # L = RED self.faces = { # U = YELLOW "top": 7 if y == 1 else 0, # D = WHITE "bottom": 10 if y == -1 else 0, # F = GREEN "front": 11 if z == 1 else 0, # B = BLUE "back": 12 if z == -1 else 0, # R = ORANGE "right": 8 if x == 1 else 0, # L = RED "left": 9 if x == -1 else 0, } def apply_grid_rotation(self, axis, clockwise): x, y, z = self.x, self.y, self.z # X AXIS if axis == "x": if clockwise: self.y, self.z = -z, y else: self.y, self.z = z, -y # Y AXIS elif axis == "y": if clockwise: self.x, self.z = z, -x else: self.x, self.z = -z, x # Z AXIS elif axis == "z": if clockwise: self.x, self.y = -y, x else: self.x, self.y = y, -x def rotate_faces(self, axis, clockwise): f = self.faces.copy() # X AXIS if axis == "x": if clockwise: self.faces["top"] = f["back"] self.faces["bottom"] = f["front"] self.faces["front"] = f["top"] self.faces["back"] = f["bottom"] else: self.faces["top"] = f["front"] self.faces["bottom"] = f["back"] self.faces["front"] = f["bottom"] self.faces["back"] = f["top"] # Y AXIS elif axis == "y": if clockwise: self.faces["front"] = f["left"] self.faces["right"] = f["front"] self.faces["back"] = f["right"] self.faces["left"] = f["back"] else: self.faces["front"] = f["right"] self.faces["left"] = f["front"] self.faces["back"] = f["left"] self.faces["right"] = f["back"] # Z AXIS elif axis == "z": if clockwise: self.faces["top"] = f["right"] self.faces["left"] = f["top"] self.faces["bottom"] = f["left"] self.faces["right"] = f["bottom"] else: self.faces["top"] = f["left"] self.faces["right"] = f["top"] self.faces["bottom"] = f["right"] self.faces["left"] = f["bottom"] class RubiksCube: def __init__(self): pyxel.init( 256, 256, title="Rubik's Cube", fps=60 ) self.camera_pitch = -0.35 self.camera_yaw = 0.75 self.camera_roll = 0 self.target_pitch = self.camera_pitch self.target_yaw = self.camera_yaw self.target_roll = self.camera_roll self.animating = False self.anim_axis = "" self.anim_angle = 0 self.anim_progress = 0 self.anim_cubies = [] self.scrambling = False self.message = "" self.message_timer = 0 # TIMER self.timer_running = False self.start_time = 0 self.elapsed_time = 0 # SOLVE HISTORY self.solve_times = [] self.best_time = None self.init_cube() pyxel.run(self.update, self.draw) def apply_camera(self, p): p = p.rotate_y(self.camera_yaw) p = p.rotate_x(self.camera_pitch) p = p.rotate_z(self.camera_roll) return p def init_cube(self): self.cubies = [] for x in range(-1, 2): for y in range(-1, 2): for z in range(-1, 2): if x == 0 and y == 0 and z == 0: continue self.cubies.append( Cubie(x, y, z) ) def set_message(self, msg): self.message = msg self.message_timer = 90 # TRUE SOLVE DETECTION # WORKS WITH SLICE + WIDE MOVES def is_solved(self): face_checks = { "top": [], "bottom": [], "front": [], "back": [], "right": [], "left": [], } for c in self.cubies: if c.y == 1: face_checks["top"].append(c.faces["top"]) if c.y == -1: face_checks["bottom"].append(c.faces["bottom"]) if c.z == 1: face_checks["front"].append(c.faces["front"]) if c.z == -1: face_checks["back"].append(c.faces["back"]) if c.x == 1: face_checks["right"].append(c.faces["right"]) if c.x == -1: face_checks["left"].append(c.faces["left"]) for colors in face_checks.values(): first = colors[0] if first == 0: return False for c in colors: if c != first: return False return True def rotate_face(self, face, prime=False): if self.animating: return # FIND CENTER POSITIONS centers = {} #the colours for the centres may look mismatched but that's the way it works, idk center_colors = { "U": 10, # white "D": 7, # yellow "F": 11, # green "B": 12, # blue "R": 9, # red "L": 8 # orange } for move, color in center_colors.items(): for c in self.cubies: if ( abs(c.x) + abs(c.y) + abs(c.z) == 1 ): if color in c.faces.values(): centers[move] = c break # ========================= # STANDARD FACE MOVES # ========================= if face == "U": c = centers["U"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer_value = c.x elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer_value = c.y else: axis = "z" layer_value = c.z clockwise = True elif face == "D": c = centers["D"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer_value = c.x elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer_value = c.y else: axis = "z" layer_value = c.z clockwise = False elif face == "R": c = centers["R"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer_value = c.x elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer_value = c.y else: axis = "z" layer_value = c.z clockwise = True elif face == "L": c = centers["L"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer_value = c.x elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer_value = c.y else: axis = "z" layer_value = c.z clockwise = False elif face == "F": c = centers["F"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer_value = c.x elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer_value = c.y else: axis = "z" layer_value = c.z clockwise = False elif face == "B": c = centers["B"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer_value = c.x elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer_value = c.y else: axis = "z" layer_value = c.z clockwise = True # ========================= # SLICE MOVES # ========================= elif face == "M": axis = "x" layer = lambda c: c.x == 0 clockwise = False elif face == "E": axis = "y" layer = lambda c: c.y == 0 clockwise = False elif face == "S": axis = "z" layer = lambda c: c.z == 0 clockwise = False # ========================= # WIDE MOVES # ========================= elif face == "Uw": c = centers["U"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.x * c.x >= 0 ) elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.y * c.y >= 0 ) else: axis = "z" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.z * c.z >= 0 ) clockwise = True elif face == "Dw": c = centers["D"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.x * c.x >= 0 ) elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.y * c.y >= 0 ) else: axis = "z" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.z * c.z >= 0 ) clockwise = False elif face == "Rw": c = centers["R"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.x * c.x >= 0 ) elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.y * c.y >= 0 ) else: axis = "z" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.z * c.z >= 0 ) clockwise = True elif face == "Lw": c = centers["L"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.x * c.x >= 0 ) elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.y * c.y >= 0 ) else: axis = "z" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.z * c.z >= 0 ) clockwise = False elif face == "Fw": c = centers["F"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.x * c.x >= 0 ) elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.y * c.y >= 0 ) else: axis = "z" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.z * c.z >= 0 ) clockwise = False elif face == "Bw": c = centers["B"] if c.x != 0: axis = "x" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.x * c.x >= 0 ) elif c.y != 0: axis = "y" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.y * c.y >= 0 ) else: axis = "z" layer = lambda cubie: ( cubie.z * c.z >= 0 ) clockwise = True else: return # ========================= # NORMAL FACE LAYERS # ========================= if face in ["U", "D", "L", "R", "F", "B"]: if axis == "x": layer = lambda c: c.x == layer_value elif axis == "y": layer = lambda c: c.y == layer_value else: layer = lambda c: c.z == layer_value # PRIME if prime: clockwise = not clockwise angle = ( math.pi / 2 if clockwise else -math.pi / 2 ) self.anim_axis = axis self.anim_angle = angle self.anim_progress = 0 self.anim_cubies = [ c for c in self.cubies if layer(c) ] self.animating = True self.set_message( face + ("'" if prime else "") ) def update_animation(self): if not self.animating: return self.anim_progress += 0.12 if self.anim_progress >= 1: for c in self.anim_cubies: c.apply_grid_rotation( self.anim_axis, self.anim_angle > 0 ) c.rotate_faces( self.anim_axis, self.anim_angle > 0 ) self.animating = False # SOLVE DETECTION if ( self.timer_running and self.is_solved() ): self.timer_running = False self.solve_times.insert( 0, self.elapsed_time ) self.solve_times = self.solve_times[:100] self.best_time = min(self.solve_times) self.set_message( f"SOLVED! {self.format_time()}" ) def scramble(self): last_face = None last_prime = None if self.animating: return self.scramble_moves = [] all_moves = [ "U", "D", "L", "R", "F", "B", ] for _ in range(25): while True: face = random.choice(all_moves) base_face = face[0] prime = random.choice([True, False]) # allow same face repeat freely # BUT block immediate reversal like U then U' if base_face == last_face and prime != last_prime: continue break self.scramble_moves.append((face, prime)) last_face = base_face last_prime = prime self.scramble_index = 0 self.scrambling = True def update_scramble(self): if not self.scrambling: return if ( not self.animating and self.scramble_index < len(self.scramble_moves) ): face, prime = ( self.scramble_moves[ self.scramble_index ] ) self.rotate_face( face, prime ) self.scramble_index += 1 elif not self.animating: self.scrambling = False self.set_message("SCRAMBLED!") def format_time(self): minutes = int(self.elapsed_time // 60) seconds = self.elapsed_time % 60 return f"{minutes}:{seconds:05.2f}" def update(self): if self.message_timer > 0: self.message_timer -= 1 self.update_animation() self.update_scramble() # TIMER if self.timer_running: self.elapsed_time = ( pyxel.frame_count - self.start_time ) / 60 speed = 0.15 self.camera_pitch += ( self.target_pitch - self.camera_pitch ) * speed self.camera_yaw += ( self.target_yaw - self.camera_yaw ) * speed self.camera_roll += ( self.target_roll - self.camera_roll ) * speed # SCRAMBLE (SPACE BAR) if pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_SPACE): self.scramble() if self.animating: return # TIMER START if pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_T): if not self.is_solved(): self.timer_running = True self.start_time = pyxel.frame_count self.elapsed_time = 0 self.set_message("TIMER STARTED!") # MODIFIERS ctrl = pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_CTRL) shift = pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_SHIFT) # U if pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_U): self.rotate_face( "Uw" if ctrl else "U", shift ) # D elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_D): self.rotate_face( "Dw" if ctrl else "D", shift ) # L elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_L): self.rotate_face( "Lw" if ctrl else "L", shift ) # R elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_R): self.rotate_face( "Rw" if ctrl else "R", shift ) # F elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_F): self.rotate_face( "Fw" if ctrl else "F", shift ) # B elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_B): self.rotate_face( "Bw" if ctrl else "B", shift ) # SLICE MOVES elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_M): self.rotate_face( "M", shift ) elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_E): self.rotate_face( "E", shift ) elif pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_S): self.rotate_face( "S", shift ) # CAMERA ROTATION # SCREEN RELATIVE rot_speed = 0.05 if pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_LEFT): self.target_yaw -= rot_speed if pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_RIGHT): self.target_yaw += rot_speed if pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_UP): self.target_pitch -= rot_speed if pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_DOWN): self.target_pitch += rot_speed if pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_Q): self.target_roll += rot_speed if pyxel.btn(pyxel.KEY_W): self.target_roll -= rot_speed # RESET if pyxel.btnp(pyxel.KEY_RETURN): self.init_cube() self.timer_running = False self.elapsed_time = 0 self.rotation_x = -0.35 self.rotation_y = 0.75 self.rotation_z = 0 self.target_rotation_x = self.rotation_x self.target_rotation_y = self.rotation_y self.target_rotation_z = self.rotation_z self.set_message("RESET!") def project(self, p): p = self.apply_camera(p) scale = 5.5 distance = 26 z = p.z + distance factor = 170 / z x = p.x * scale * factor + 155 y = -p.y * scale * factor + 128 return x, y, z def draw_face(self, verts, color): for i in range(1, len(verts) - 1): pyxel.tri( verts[0][0], verts[0][1], verts[i][0], verts[i][1], verts[i + 1][0], verts[i + 1][1], color ) for i in range(len(verts)): n = (i + 1) % len(verts) pyxel.line( verts[i][0], verts[i][1], verts[n][0], verts[n][1], 0 ) def draw_cubie(self, cubie): size = 0.45 verts = [ Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z + size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z + size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z + size), Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z + size), ] if self.animating and cubie in self.anim_cubies: angle = self.anim_angle * self.anim_progress axis = self.anim_axis new_verts = [] for v in verts: x, y, z = v.x, v.y, v.z if axis == "x": c = math.cos(angle) s = math.sin(angle) y, z = ( y * c - z * s, y * s + z * c ) elif axis == "y": c = math.cos(angle) s = math.sin(angle) x, z = ( x * c + z * s, -x * s + z * c ) elif axis == "z": c = math.cos(angle) s = math.sin(angle) x, y = ( x * c - y * s, x * s + y * c ) new_verts.append(Vector3(x, y, z)) verts = new_verts verts2d = [ self.project(v) for v in verts ] faces = [ ([4,5,6,7], cubie.faces["front"], Vector3(0,0,1)), ([1,0,3,2], cubie.faces["back"], Vector3(0,0,-1)), ([0,4,7,3], cubie.faces["left"], Vector3(-1,0,0)), ([5,1,2,6], cubie.faces["right"], Vector3(1,0,0)), ([3,7,6,2], cubie.faces["top"], Vector3(0,1,0)), ([4,0,1,5], cubie.faces["bottom"], Vector3(0,-1,0)), ] for inds, color, normal in faces: if ( self.animating and cubie in self.anim_cubies ): angle = ( self.anim_angle * self.anim_progress ) if self.anim_axis == "x": normal = normal.rotate_x(angle) elif self.anim_axis == "y": normal = normal.rotate_y(angle) elif self.anim_axis == "z": normal = normal.rotate_z(angle) normal = normal.rotate_y( self.rotation_y ) normal = normal.rotate_x( self.rotation_x ) normal = normal.rotate_z( self.rotation_z ) if normal.z > 0 and color != 0: poly = [ ( verts2d[i][0], verts2d[i][1] ) for i in inds ] self.draw_face( poly, color ) def draw(self): pyxel.cls(1) all_faces = [] for cubie in self.cubies: size = 0.45 verts = [ Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z - size), Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z + size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y - size, cubie.z + size), Vector3(cubie.x + size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z + size), Vector3(cubie.x - size, cubie.y + size, cubie.z + size), ] # ANIMATE TURNING LAYERS if self.animating and cubie in self.anim_cubies: angle = self.anim_angle * self.anim_progress new_verts = [] for v in verts: if self.anim_axis == "x": v = v.rotate_x(angle) elif self.anim_axis == "y": v = v.rotate_y(angle) elif self.anim_axis == "z": v = v.rotate_z(angle) new_verts.append(v) verts = new_verts # CAMERA ROTATION + PROJECTION projected = [] for v in verts: # camera rotation applied ONCE consistently (inside project) proj = self.project(v) # still compute rotated version for depth sorting rotated = self.apply_camera(v) projected.append((rotated, proj)) faces = [ ([4,5,6,7], cubie.faces["front"], Vector3(0,0,1)), ([1,0,3,2], cubie.faces["back"], Vector3(0,0,-1)), ([0,4,7,3], cubie.faces["left"], Vector3(-1,0,0)), ([5,1,2,6], cubie.faces["right"], Vector3(1,0,0)), ([3,7,6,2], cubie.faces["top"], Vector3(0,1,0)), ([4,0,1,5], cubie.faces["bottom"], Vector3(0,-1,0)), ] for inds, color, normal in faces: if color == 0: continue # ROTATE NORMALS DURING ANIMATION if self.animating and cubie in self.anim_cubies: angle = self.anim_angle * self.anim_progress if self.anim_axis == "x": normal = normal.rotate_x(angle) elif self.anim_axis == "y": normal = normal.rotate_y(angle) elif self.anim_axis == "z": normal = normal.rotate_z(angle) # CAMERA ROTATION normal = self.apply_camera(normal) # BACKFACE CULLING if normal.z <= 0: continue poly = [] avg_z = 0 for i in inds: rotated, proj = projected[i] poly.append( (proj[0], proj[1]) ) avg_z += rotated.z avg_z /= 4 all_faces.append( (avg_z, poly, color) ) # DRAW BACK TO FRONT all_faces.sort(key=lambda f: f[0]) for _, poly, color in all_faces: self.draw_face(poly, color) # ========================= # TITLE # ========================= title = "RUBIK'S CUBE" colors = [9, 8, 7, 11, 12, 10] start_x = 155 - (len(title) * 2) for i, ch in enumerate(title): pyxel.text( start_x + i * 4, 5, ch, colors[i % len(colors)] ) # ========================= # CONTROLS # ========================= pyxel.text(4, 3, "U D L R F B = MOVES", 6) pyxel.text(4, 13, "SHIFT = PRIME", 6) pyxel.text(4, 23, "CTRL = WIDE MOVES", 6) pyxel.text(4, 33, "M E S = SLICE MOVES", 6) pyxel.text(4, 43, "ARROWS = ROTATE VIEW", 6) pyxel.text(4, 53, "Q/W = ROLL CAMERA", 6) pyxel.text(4, 63, "SPACE = SCRAMBLE", 6) pyxel.text(4, 73, "T = START TIMER", 6) pyxel.text(4, 83, "ENTER = RESET", 6) # ========================= # SOLVE TIMES # ========================= pyxel.text( 5, 120, "LAST TIMES:", 7 ) for i, t in enumerate(self.solve_times): minutes = int(t // 60) seconds = t % 60 time_text = f"{minutes}:{seconds:05.2f}" color = 11 if t == self.best_time else 7 pyxel.text( 5, 130 + i * 8, time_text, color ) # ========================= # TIMER # ========================= timer_text = self.format_time() timer_x = 160 - len(timer_text) * 4 timer_y = 225 pyxel.text( timer_x, timer_y, timer_text, 7 ) # ========================= # MESSAGE # ========================= if self.message_timer > 0: pyxel.text( 128 - len(self.message) * 2, 242, self.message, 10 ) RubiksCube()